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SMS ''Kurfürst Friedrich Wilhelm'' ("His Majesty's Ship Elector Friedrich Wilhelm") was one of the first ocean-going battleships of the Imperial German Navy. The ship was named for Prince-elector (''Kurfürst'') Friedrich Wilhelm, 17th-century Duke of Prussia and Margrave of Brandenburg. She was the fourth pre-dreadnought of the , along with her sister ships , , and . She was laid down in 1890 in the Imperial Dockyard in Wilhelmshaven, launched in 1891, and completed in 1893 at a cost of 11.23 million marks. The ''Brandenburg''-class battleships carried six large-caliber guns in three twin turrets, as opposed to four guns in two turrets, as was the standard in other navies. ''Kurfürst Friedrich Wilhelm'' served as the flagship of the Imperial fleet from her commissioning in 1894 until 1900. She saw limited active duty during her service career with the German fleet due to the relatively peaceful nature of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As a result, her career focused on training exercises and goodwill visits to foreign ports. These training maneuvers were nevertheless very important to developing German naval tactical doctrine in the two decades before World War I, especially under the direction of Alfred von Tirpitz. She, along with her three sisters, saw only one major overseas deployment, to China in 1900–01, during the Boxer Rebellion. The ship underwent a major modernization in 1904–05. In 1910, ''Kurfürst Friedrich Wilhelm'' was sold to the Ottoman Empire and renamed ''Barbaros Hayreddin''. She saw heavy service during the Balkan Wars, primarily providing artillery support to Ottoman ground forces in Thrace. She also took part in two naval engagements with the Greek Navy — the Battle of Elli in December 1912, and the Battle of Lemnos the following month. Both battles were defeats for the Ottoman Navy. In a state of severe disrepair, the old battleship was partially disarmed after the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers early in World War I. On 8 August 1915 the ship was torpedoed and sunk off the Dardanelles by the British submarine with heavy loss of life. ==Description== (詳細はlong overall, had a beam of which was increased to with the addition of torpedo nets, and had a draft of forward and aft. The ship displaced at its designed weight, and up to at full combat load. She was equipped with two sets of 3-cylinder triple-expansion engines that provided and had a top speed of . ''Kurfürst Friedrich Wilhelm'' had a cruising range of at . Her crew numbered 38 officers and 530 enlisted men. The ship was unusual for her time in that she possessed a broadside of six heavy guns in three twin gun turrets, rather than the four guns typical of contemporary battleships. The forward and aft turrets carried K L/40 guns, and the center turret was armed with shorter L/35 guns. Her secondary armament consisted of eight 10.5 cm (4.1 in) SK L/35 and eight SK L/30 quick-firing guns mounted in casemates. ''Kurfürst Friedrich Wilhelm''s armament suite was rounded out with six torpedo tubes, all in above-water swivel mounts. ''Kurfürst Friedrich Wilhelm'' was protected with nickel-steel Krupp armor, a new type of stronger steel. Her main belt armor was thick in the central section that protected the ammunition magazines and machinery spaces. The deck was thick. The main battery barbettes were protected with thick armor. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SMS Kurfürst Friedrich Wilhelm」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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